The concept of parental alienation was first put forth by Dr. Richard Gardner in 1985. Parental alienation primarily occurs during a high-conflict divorce in which the child identifies strongly with ...

Parental alienation is the psychological manipulation of a child by one parent against the other parent. The term itself is controversial, yet can show up frequently in matters of custody, visitation, ...

While parental alienation is most usually discussed as a cause of adult child-parent estrangement, I think it's more productive and accurate to see it as a form of verbal abuse and a manipulative ...