Ganji M et al., and Fudenberg G et al., postulated that the SMC family of ATPases, such as condensin and cohesion, extrude DNA into large loops. Energy from ATP hydrolysis helps the SMC proteins to ...

CTCF is widely recognized for its essential role in mediating chromatin loops to regulate gene expression, particularly by modulating enhancer-promoter (EP) interactions. However, acute depletion of ...

To separate replicated sister chromatids during mitosis, eukaryotes and prokaryotes have structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) condensin complexes that were recently shown to organize chromosomes ...

Biology is never as straightforward as we learned in high school. Take sex-linked chromosomes as an example: we’re taught that biological males get XY chromosomes while biological females get two ...

DNA loop extrusion is a method used to analyze how DNA is compacted into the nucleus whilst bringing regulatory elements close to protein coding genes. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic ...