It has long been known that the simple combination of a depletion-mode MOSFET (and before these were available, a JFET) and a resistor made a simple, serviceable current source such as that seen on ...
An interesting analog design problem is the precision current source. Many good designs are available, but most are the three-wire types that can be used as a positive (see Figure 1) or a negative ...
CMOS current reference circuits play a critical role in modern integrated circuits by providing a stable and reproducible current source that remains unaffected by variations in supply voltage, ...