All organisms rely on the immune system to protect them against disease. Unlike mammals, insects lack acquired immunity and rely solely on the innate immune system, which consists of cellular and ...

Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the rapid, selective transport of water—and in certain cases, small solutes such as glycerol—across cell membranes. In insects, these proteins ...

Symptoms such as fatigue, loss of appetite, altered sleep, and social withdrawal are often treated as inconvenient side ...