In the evolutionary history of life, the ability of a cell to separate its inner world from the external environment was an important turning point. The so-called plasma membrane lets cells control ...

Located at the cellular interface, membrane proteins play critical regulatory roles in the signaling between a cell and its interacting environment, making them popular and ideal drug targets.

When a cell receives a message from outside, it generates a molecule called cyclic AMP (cAMP) to relay this message. To ensure the signal reaches the correct effector without triggering pathways ...