Deformation processes transform solid materials from one shape into another. The initial shape is usually simple (e.g., a billet or sheet blank) and is plastically deformed between tools, or dies, to ...

How do they form a bear out of wood? They start out with a block or log, of wood. Then they take a tool, which is sometimes a chainsaw, and remove, or "subtract", wood until they have the form of a ...

In order to improve the forming quality, it is vital to understand the mechanisms that cause the plastic strain localization which eventually leads to ductile damage occurrence in the incremental ...