It’s just a fact of life. A BJT wired in common emitter, even after compensating for the effects of device and temperature variations, still isn’t a perfect current source. Figure 1 Current mirror ...

Circuit and system design requirements often mean compromises. For example, optoisolators are used almost everywhere, but they are highfrequency limited. This simple circuit allows for wider bandwidth ...

As power electronics switching techniques advance, there is an increased need to accurately measure current for feedback control and system monitoring. There are several methods to achieve this, and ...

CMOS current mirrors are pivotal in modern electronic circuitry, providing accurate current replication that is essential for biasing, amplification and active loading in a myriad of integrated ...