Defense mechanisms are a way for the mind to cope with stress or difficult feelings. They are unconscious mechanisms, which means that a person uses them without realizing it. Defense mechanisms can ...

Why is Sigmund Freud, who was born 163 years ago on May 6, 1856 in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (and died on September 23, 1939 in England as World War II began) still relevant in the 21st century?

Projective identification is a defense mechanism, meaning it’s a way of protecting the way we see ourselves from contradictory information. To understand projective identification, it helps to ...

Displacement is a defense mechanism that involves transferring negative feelings from one thing to another. For example, a person angry at their boss may “take out” their anger on a family member. The ...